Reflections
TORAH REFLECTION
Torah Reflection 18
Mishpatim (Judgements)
Last week we looked at the instructions God gave to Moses ‘on the mountain’. Those instructions have NEVER been revoked. John’s gospel tells us that “In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word WAS God.” Doesn’t that say that Yeshua, “the Word that became flesh and dwelt among us,” who was One with the Father, gave us the instructions for righteous living?” Has that changed? Have the “Ten Words” changed? Those “ten words” are often seen in two dimensions. The first four having a vertical relationship .. God and man. The last six, a horizontal relationship .. man with fellow man. Has that changed? Through the prophet Malachi, God declared “I am the LORD, I do not change.” (Malachi 3:6) Count on it!
Now there are some, quoting Hebrews 8, who misunderstand the difference between Torah (instructions) and Covenant (agreement). There is a new (better) covenant coming. A new agreement which will be unbreakable. Not like the old, which was breakable, and was broken by the Israelites. And that NEW covenant will be made with the same people as the original covenant. In this week’s portion of Scripture, God puts a great deal, but not all, of the detail about the way He expects His covenant partners to live their lives. And that, to serve, in part, as an example and witness to the pagan nations living around them. Gentile nations. That’s US.
The detail contained in our text today makes excellent reading. It must be viewed as a contrast between living in an orderly and compassionate setting, opposed to a “survival of the fittest”, self absorbed and selfish society. These instructions are given to a people called to be a “Kingdom of priests and a holy nation.” First up it covers a situation of which we have very little contemporary knowledge. Servants and slaves, people sold into bondage. Those who are given in marriage, and the safeguards to protect their welfare. Killing, both accidental and intentional. Treatment of unruly animals. Theft of animals and property. And so on and on. Lending, sorcery, bribery, property taken as surety in a transaction, giving false evidence against another, treatment of widows and the fatherless. This is our God in action. Caring for everyone who belongs to Him. But it only works when we, who are His, live by His rules. And God is NOT to blame for those who deliberately choose not to.
But God is not only concerned with people, but with land use too. He is the originator of conservation and care for the land. And that is tied up with His instruction regarding the Sabbath. The seventh day. And for the land, the seventh year. A “Shemita” (release) year. Sabbath observation which God gave to Moses is pivotal to the health of both people and land. But, except in Israel, it is totally ignored today, to our cost. So the LORD instructed Moses about land use. BUT they weren’t even in the land. And possessed NO land. And to my mind, as I ‘reflect’ on this, I see how God was PREPARING them for the future. Just as I believe He is PREPARING believers today, for the future. It may even be considered a time to “practice”. Getting ready. It’s God’s way.
Here they are, just a few months into their journey and God is giving instruction to Moses, as to how they should conduct themselves when they become a nation living in that land of Promise. He moves on. “Three times you shall keep a feast (mo’ed) to Me in the year.” These are times when God would require the males of each household to appear before Him at His appointed time, in the place of His choosing, to bring sacrifice and offering to Him. The Feast of Unleavened Bread, the seven days immediately following Passover. The Feast of Harvest, seven weeks after Passover, at the time of the Barley harvest. And the Feast of Ingathering, in their Autumn (also known as Tabernacles). Each of these times have a prophetic significance in the life of Yeshua, and two of them have already been fulfilled. The last one, heralded by the sound of the Trumpets ten days earlier when Yeshua returns to this earth as King of kings, signifies that great ingathering of the faithful who are to be invited to the Marriage supper of the Lamb. Then another amazing promise. “Behold, I send an Angel before you to keep you in the way and to bring you into the place which I have prepared.”
But there are a few conditions. In their case they were very real, practical obstacles. “If you DO all that I speak, then I will be an enemy to your enemy, and an adversary to your adversaries.” Should I expect God to have that relationship with me? Am I prepared to accept the conditions He put on these Israelites of old? It is often the case isn’t it? We are very happy to receive the blessing, but much less ready to accept the responsibility. As indeed did they on occasions when ‘push came to shove’. But God was also cautious to let them know that conquering the land would not be an instantaneous event. It would take time. “Little by little I will drive them out from before you, until you have increased and you inherit the land.” Exodus 23:31 broadly describes the extent of that land. “Red Sea to the Sea (Mediterranean), Philistia (Gaza) and up the coast, through the desert as far as the ‘River’ (Euphrates).” That is about FOUR times the size of Israel today!! That is the promise of a covenant keeping God. Selah!
Our passage today comes to an end with the actual COVENANT . Referred to as “The Mosaic Covenant”. Moses wrote God’s instructions (Torah) in a BOOK. He called it “The Book of the Covenant”. Then he read it to the people. And they said “All that the LORD has said we will do, and be obedient.” THAT IS THE COVENANT (agreement) they made.
Shabbat Shalom
RS
TORAH REFLECTION
Torah Reflection 17
Yitro (Jethro)
It seems evident that Moses, presumably in order to give his FULL attention to the task the LORD had set him, had sent his wife and children back to Midian to be with Zipporah’s father, Jethro (earlier referred to as Reuel). News of the “exodus” had reached Jethro, so he accompanied Zipporah and her children to re-unite with Moses, after that battle with the Amalekites.
Jethro was a priest of Midian. A nomadic group, who had, many years earlier, bought Joseph from his brothers, and with whom Moses spent about 40 years. The last we hear of the Midianites is when Gideon drove them away (Judges 8:28). Interestingly, Midian was Abraham’s son, by Keturah, so there would have been a historic connection to the God of Abraham, and that comes out in Jethro’s actions. I speculate that his connection with Moses over a 40 year period would have strengthened that. In any event, the relationship was cordial and they shared fellowship in worshipping God together. Jethro also observed Moses as he dealt with his daily counsel of the people. A good lesson here. “The thing that you do is not good.” WHAT? Moses is giving himself wholeheartedly to the service of God isn’t he? But in who’s strength was he so doing? Here then is a word to the wise.
“Stand before God for the people, so that you may bring the difficulties to God. And you shall teach them the statutes and the laws (Heb:Torah), and show them the way in which they must walk and the work they must do.” Then Jethro told Moses he should “select from all the people able men, such as fear God, men of truth, hating covetousness, … and let them judge the people at all times …” Moses time was to be spent in communion with God, but be available to these ‘elders’ for ‘grievous’ issues.
(Many churches today operate in a hierarchical business model, where a Pastor is the C.E.O. and the Elders, if there are any, are the Directors. That is the model Jethro is wisely counselling Moses to avoid. The model here is a multiplicity of teaching elders. Almighty God being the source of that teaching through His word. It was NOT hierarchical in structure)
“In the third month after the children of Israel had gone out of the land of Egypt.” The sages have identified this as being coincident with the “mo’ed” of “The feast of weeks”, the time of the giving of Torah to Moses. Let us be clear about “Torah”. It is a word which refers to “teaching or instruction”. At it’s root it also has connection with archery, “yarah”, as in “hitting the mark”. By contrast, the Hebrew word translated “sin” is “chata”, another archery word meaning “to miss the mark”. But the “Torah” is NOT God’s covenant. It is God’s INSTRUCTION for righteous living. So what IS that covenant?
The camp of the Israelites moved on, and came to a place before a mountain. Mount Sinai. From that mountain, God called to Moses with some instructions. “Say this to the people, you have seen that I did to the Egyptians, and how I bore you on eagles wings and brought you to Myself.” There was more. “IF you will indeed obey My voice and keep My covenant (which had not yet been made), then you shall be a special treasure to Me above all people; for ALL the earth is Mine.” Moses called the elders (the teachers who had been appointed by him) and told them what had occurred. “Then all the people answered together and said ‘All that the LORD has spoken we will do’.” That was the covenant made by the elders of the people. A covenant is an AGREEMENT, and this one was conditional.
What followed was a spectacular demonstration of the very presence of God on that mountain. The people had prepared themselves as God had instructed Moses, they washed themselves and their clothing, CLEAN as they stood before the mountain of God’s appearing. And they watched as Moses was called into the very presence of God. Fire and smoke. A loud trumpet blast. Warn the people. Then God said “bring Aaron with you, but no-one else.”
You shall have NO other god’s before Me
You shall not make any carved image to bow down to them.
You shall not take the name of the LORD your God in vain.
Remember the Sabbath Day to keep it Holy.
Honour your father and your mother.
You shall not murder.
You shall not commit adultery.
You shall not steal.
You shall not. Bear false witness against your neighbour.
You shall not covet your neighbour’s house, wife or possessions.
These are God’s INSTRUCTIONS. They are NOT suggestions. They form the basis of the civil, legal, and moral code of every modern Western civilisation. BUT even they are NOT the covenant. We will get to that next week! It would be rare to find anyone who does not recognise the ‘words’, often referred to as “The Ten Words”, which God spoke to Moses on that mountain. And most people would claim that they observe the generality of what is contained therein. But the fourth commandment is also almost universally ignored. The claim being that it has been substituted by another ‘day’. Friday for Muslims, Sunday for Christians. Friends there is no evidence in the Scriptures for the abrogation of ANY of those words which God spoke to Moses. It may provide an enlightening study to ponder why it is that this commandment of God, to ‘Remember’ here, and to “Observe” in Deuteronomy 5:12. is so lightly disregarded. Be blessed in your studies.
Shabbat Shalom
RS
TORAH REFLECTION
Torah Reflection 16
Beshalach (Sent out)
So Pharaoh let the people go. Moses took the bones of Joseph with them as their forebears had promised they would. God directed the route they should go. The short route was along the coast, well north of the Red Sea. But that route involved possible conflict with the Philistines, which God said, might have been discouraging enough to cause the people to turn back. In continuation of His miraculous display of might and power, God caused a “pillar of cloud” to guide them by day, and a ”pillar of fire”, giving light, to guide them through the darkness. Eventually they came to a place where they rested, a place where they could see both the desert and the sea. Pi Hahiroth, on the eastern border of Egypt where the terrain was slightly elevated. Read the story. It gave them a good view of the advancing armies of the Pharaoh. At that sight, they had their first (of many) complaints against Moses. IN a most decisive statement of leadership and faith in God, faced, as they were, with overwhelming enemy force. Moses responded, “Do not be afraid. Stand still, and see the salvation of the LORD, which He WILL accomplish for you today. For the Egyptians whom you see today (a very large force of armed men with chariots and horses), you shall see again no more FOREVER. The LORD will fight for you, and you shall hold your peace.” Just consider that.
Well, what followed is very well known by believers the world over. The “pillar of cloud” moved and stood between the Israelites and the Egyptians, so that the Egyptian armies could not see ahead. The “pillar of fire” went ahead of the Israelites giving light in the darkness. Then they came to the Red Sea. I do not need to add words to the text. God wrought another miracle. Summed up in the words “So the LORD overthrew the Egyptians in the midst of the sea … Not so much as one of them remained.” (Exodus 14:27,28) And the result of that was “Thus Israel saw the great work which the LORD had done in Egypt; so the people feared the LORD, and believed the LORD and His servant Moses.” And that leaves a question for those who read the account of that miraculous event. What is MY view of the God who so miraculously saves His people in covenant keeping love? Selah!
Moses’ reaction? And that of his sister Miriam? “I will sing unto the LORD, for He has triumphed gloriously! The horse and its rider He has thrown into the sea! The LORD is my strength and song, and He has become my salvation; He is my God, and I will praise him; my father’s God, and I will exalt Him.” If you know the song from the “Scripture in song” days of the 70’s and 80’s … sing it .. now! You will be in some pretty impressive company! We know that Moses wrote Psalm 90 and another song (Deuteronomy 32). But we also read in Revelation 15, that “seven angels, having the seven last plagues, for in them is the wrath of God is complete.” sing the “song of Moses, and the song of the Lamb.” How about that?
With the threat of the Egyptians gone, they set out across a desert. No water. Anywhere. Eventually they came to an oasis, there was water. Undrinkable. Another miracle of God. The LORD showed Moses a tree, which when cast into the water made in drinkable. Perhaps we should remind ourselves that we are looking at a LARGE group of people here, well over a million, maybe 2 million, plus their cattle. But God needed to get some commitment from the whole group, so He said “If you diligently heed the voice of the LORD your God and do what is right in His sight, give ear to His commandments and keep all His statutes, I will put none of the diseases on you which I have brought on the Egyptians. For I am the LORD who heals you.” He then led them to a place, Elim, where there was plenty of water and some shade (but not much). “So they camped there.” At this point they were probably not much more than a couple of weeks into their travels. And they had no idea where they were going, or how long it would take. So when one is tempted to judge them harshly (and one is), try to remember their circumstances.
About a month into the journey the complaining started again. They recalled that they ate well when they were in Egypt (probably minimising some of the hardships). So the LORD told Moses how He would provide “bread from heaven” for the people, every day. Like food falling from heaven, appearing with the morning dew. And a double portion on the sixth day. This is the very first mention to the Israelites of the seventh day having something special about it! No food delivery. God was teaching His chosen people how to trust Him and learn about being special in His sight. The first steps of nationhood. Just one month after rescuing them from slavery in Egypt. “So the people rested on the seventh day.” (Exodus 16:30) And they still do, to this very day. So God instructed Moses to keep a”jar’”of that “bread” as a reminder in the future as to how they were sustained in the wilderness.
Two more miracles sustained them as they journeyed. As they moved along, the issue of water provision was a constant concern. In the first event, God told Moses to take some of the elders of the people as witnesses, and the staff which he had held over the waters of the Red Sea, then to strike a rock with it. Water in abundance gushed from the rock. Then later they were confronted by some hostile Amalekites. You know the story. Moses hands raised, the Israelites prevailed. Hands down, Amalekites prevailed. When the battle was won, Moses built an altar to the LORD. Jehovah Nissi. The LORD is my Banner. But that encounter also sealed the fate of the Amalekites for evermore. Perpetual conflict with the Children of Israel.
Shabbat Shalom
RS
TORAH REFLECTION
Torah Reflection 15
Bo (Come)
As I ‘reflect’ on these Scriptures, it “happens’ that today, as in many days prior to this, I am self isolating because of world health issues. And today is the first day of Passover 2020. How remarkable! All over the world, as I write, Jewish families, and christian families who see themselves ‘grafted in’ to the ‘natural olive tree’ Israel (Romans 11:17) are telling the story of this event in the Passover Seder (the telling).
“ Go into Pharaoh; for I have hardened his heart and the hearts of his servants, that I might show these signs of Mine before him, and that you may tell in the hearing of your son and your son’s sons the mighty things I have done in Egypt, and MY signs which I have done among them, that you may know that I am the LORD.” And friends, that is what Passover is about. That the world may know that “I AM THE LORD.” So be it.
We ended our ‘reflection’ last week after SEVEN plagues. Before the last six, Pharaoh had agreed to let the people go, and six times he broke his word. So Moses and Aaron went again to Pharaoh, reporting the words of God, and said “How long will you refuse to humble yourself before Me? Let My people go, that they may serve Me .” Following that, and Pharaoh’s obstinance, the land was plagued twice more. First with locusts and then with darkness. Again, on each occasion, the land of Goshen, where the Israelites lived, were spared these plagues. Pharaoh’s reaction? “Get away from me! Take heed to yourself and see my face no more! For in the day you see my face you shall die!” Moses’ reaction? “You have spoken well. I will never see your face again.” I am reminded as I write of the occasion when Noah’s family were safely on board the “floating box”. God closed the door. I am reminded of the description of Yeshua in the letter to the church at Philadelphia (Rev 3:7) “He who has the key of David, He who opens and no-one shuts and shuts and no-one opens.” The door on Pharaoh was firmly shut, BUT there was one more plague to come, a devastating plague, the death of the firstborn. And having conveyed this message to Pharaoh, Moses left “in great anger”. However, this plague, in God’s plan, affected everyone, no exceptions. Both Egyptians and Israelites included. BUT there was ‘an escape clause’.
When our covenant keeping God visited Moses and told him His plan (Genesis 3:21) He told him that they WOULD leave Egypt, and they would NOT leave empty handed. Now back to our text. God told Moses “I will bring one more plague on Pharaoh and on Egypt. Afterward he WILL let you go.” But two important actions for those who would escape the plague. First, He said “Let every man ask from his (Egyptian) neighbour and every woman from her neighbour, articles of silver and articles of gold.” And they did. More about that in a future ‘reflection’.
The second instruction was given so that it would NEVER be forgotten. It is remembered and told every year to this very day. God told Moses “This month shall be your beginning of months; it shall be the first month of the year to you.” It was to be a new beginning. So He instructed him to tell the people how they should prepare to avoid the plague. The instructions were quite precise. No misunderstanding. Everyone on the “same page”. It would be appropriate here to consider how these steps are replicated in the life of our Messiah Yeshua. Select a lamb without blemish (Yeshua rode into Jerusalem on a donkey (Zechariah 9:9)) on the tenth day of the month, examine it carefully (He was examined by both Jewish and Roman authorities and found blameless) to ensure it is without blemish. Then at twilight on the fourteenth day kill (sacrifice) it, roast it, and eat it together in your family. (SO Yeshua became the embodiment of that lamb, and the conditions of salvation both then and now are the same for everyone.) As God continued his instructions, the blood of the sacrificed lamb was to be painted on the doorposts and lintels of each dwelling, as a sign that those within accepted the conditions the LORD had set. It was a sign of faith.
Now take careful note. We are often told that “An Angel of Death” passed through the land. That is NOT what the Bible says. “For I will pass through the land of Egypt on that night.” (Exodus 12:12). “For the LORD will pass through to strike the Egyptians.” (Exodus 12:23) This, my dear friends is the judgement of the LORD. It is not delegated to anyone. It will be the same as we stand before Him in the Great White Throne judgment. (Revelation 20:11) I said earlier that there were no exceptions, Egyptian or Israelite, and I believe that because salvation is offered to ALL. But in order to receive that salvation, God needs to see the SIGN. It’s what you DO, not what you SAY.
Well, there is so much more in this portion of Scripture. One question often asked is “Are gentiles allowed to keep Passover?” Certainly it is a solemn duty of Jews to observe the festival and pass on to their offspring the mighty act of salvation wrought on that first Passover. Most gentiles (christians) don’t even know the date when Passover occurs these days. But some do. My understanding is that gentiles are NOT obligated to keep this festival. BUT, for those who claim to be “grafted in” to the natural olive tree, which is Israel, they may partake of the richness and fatness of that experience. (Romans 11:17). If you are not sure, go before the LORD with an open mind, and an open Bible, and ask Him. It is certain that this festival is an “appointed time” (mo’ed) of the LORD. A time when He has promised blessing to those who ‘turn up’. Because He certainly will.
Shabbat Shalom
RS
TORAH REFLECTION
Torah Reflection 14
Vayera (I appeared)
“I appeared to Abraham, to Isaac, and to Jacob, as ‘El Shaddai’, but by My name YHWH I was not known to them.” So what is the difference? God is ONE. There are not TWO God’s at work here. IF you study the Scriptures carefully, you will discover a subtle difference. I confess that my research is not exhaustive, but what I found was that when God ‘appeared’ to these patriarchs, it was in a dream or a vision or a time of reflective contemplation. It was a time when covenantal promises were made. But when God ‘spoke’ to these same people it was in the vein of showing His mighty hand at work. It is a fact that some of the covenant promises were not seen by these patriarchs, but those same covenantal promises were, and are, being fulfilled, even in our lifetime.
Right at the beginning of this chapter we see different words used. “And ‘Elohim’ spoke to Moses and said to him ‘I am YHWH”.” What he was about to convey to Moses, regarding his leadership of the Israelites before Pharaoh, was in covenantal terms. In paraphrase, “I will do what I am telling you and you WILL see it happen, but I want Pharaoh to understand who I am too, so he has a few lessons to learn about Me on the way.” But Moses was unprepared for such a challenge and protested that he wasn’t eloquent in speech etc. so God said that his brother Aaron would be with.him to do the talking. Then another shock. “But I will harden Pharaoh’s heart and he will not heed you.” Now friends, because we have the privilege of knowing the whole story, which Moses and Aaron did not, you have to try to imagine that magnitude of the task that God had set these men. The Pharaoh was the most powerful man in the land. He had enslaved the Israelites in hard labour. They were huge contributors to the economy of Egypt. And Moses and Aaron were to confront him knowing that he would refuse them their God commanded request. And HE would harden Pharaoh’s heart, making sure Pharaoh would say no!
But Moses, now 80 years old, and Aaron, three years older, went anyway. What incredible faith in their God. It is the kind of faith that God expects of ME, and ALL others who claim to belong to Him. Selah!
As we proceed with the narrative, we need to keep in mind that this whole event, ALL of it, was designed by the LORD, to bring His own people from the place where He had sent them. It was God who had made provision for Jacob’s family, a relative handful of people, to be preserved in the face of severe famine. At first they enjoyed the best the land had to offer. They were comfortable. They prospered and grew large in number. Sufficient in number we have to conclude, for the LORD to establish them as an independent nation. BUT, God had to prepare them for the rigours of independence. He raised up a Pharaoh who began to treat them as ‘foreigners’. Eventually making them slaves to himself and the Egyptian people. Second class. Unwanted. Disposable. All the ingredients which caused them “to cry out to HIM.”
(Friends, it is happening AGAIN, in our lifetime. God is making His people ‘uncomfortable’ in the countries where they have been living ‘comfortably’. In accord with His many prophetic promises, He is calling them back to the land He promised Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob. And in their thousands, they are going. Think about it please.)
Moses and Aaron, went into Pharaoh, and made the request that he allow the Israelites to leave Egypt so that they could participate in a festival of thanks to their God. “How do I know your God has sent you?” said Pharaoh, as God had told Moses he would. The first test was Aaron’s rod turning into a serpent which the “magicians” in Pharaoh’s court promptly replicated, only to see their serpents eaten by Aaron’s rod. But Pharaoh’s heart grew hard. The scene is set. Read the story , which in short form, finds a series of miraculous events taking place which have TWO outcomes. The events first, seven days later, each accompanied by the request to “Let My people go.”
1. Rivers turn to blood. Replicated by the ‘magicians’. Pharaoh says NO.
2. Plague of frogs. Replicated by the magicians, But Pharaoh agrees.
3. Plague of lice. Magicians give up. Pharaoh agrees but again refuses.
4. Plague of flies. Magicians tell Pharaoh ‘this is God’. Same response.
5. Cattle diseased. But NOT in Goshen. Same response from Pharaoh.
6. Plague of boils on Egyptians. The LORD hardens Pharaoh this time.
7. Plague of hail. Goshen excepted again. Some Egyptians recognise God’s authority in this. But same reaction from Pharaoh. His heart remains hard.
So now let us see the ‘outcome’ of these catastrophic events in Egypt, from which the Land of Goshen was spared. In the case of the Egyptians, and even in the household of Pharaoh, there were those whose hearts were NOT hardened, who recognised the hand of God, the God of the Israelites. More about them later. Importantly though, the reaction amongst the Israelites, is profound. They witnessed their God in action. This people, who had been comfortable in Egypt, but saw their circumstances change, were now ready to leave. Willingly. Enthusiastically. And under the leadership of Moses. In that united situation, God had prepared them, through trials and tribulations, to be ready to accept His authority and His leadership, the extent of which had still not been revealed to them.
The lesson for us. That is the kind of faith God expects of those who call Him LORD. But we have the advantage of knowing, from His Word, His nature, His character, and His expectation, because He has revealed Himself in His dealings with the people ‘called by His name.’ We will see how this event progresses next week.
Shabbat Shalom.
RS
TORAH REFLECTION
Torah Reflection 13
Shemot (Names)
“These are the names of the children of Israel who came to Egypt.”
Our reflection last week ended with the death of both Jacob and Joseph. The main narrative this week takes place approx. 150 years later. Scholars have calculated that the sojourn in Egypt lasted 215 years. (The 430 years being calculated from the time God made His promise to Abram in Genesis 12) During those 150 years the Israelites had maintained their unique identity. They had not assimilated into the general population. They were readily identified, and they were numerous. And then .. “There arose a new king over Egypt, who did not know Joseph.” That was a “game-changer”. It may be perfectly understandable given the time which had passed, but it also has a meaning of ‘not respecting’, in the sense of ‘its time to move on’. Whatever the word, the new king was cautious about having such a large group of unassimilated residents with a capacity to ‘rise up’ in conflict with the Egyptian authorities.
So, as time passed, in order to keep the Israelites in check, the Pharaoh devised a plan to severely oppress them with hard labour. “So the Egyptians made the Children of Israel serve with vigour.” The Israelites were forced to make their own bricks, and with those bricks to build cities for the Pharaoh. The work load was increased and the task-masters were cruel in their supervision. But then we are told “The more they afflicted them, the more they multiplied and grew.” So the Pharaoh instructed the midwives to kill all the boy babies at birth. And when that scheme became ineffective because of the refusal of the midwives to kill the boys, the instruction was given to drown the boys in the river. It’s a truely horrible story and calls to mind a much more recent persecution of the Jewish people in the lifetime of some of us. But just as in that more recent horror, God is able to bring lasting good, fulfilling His purposes, out of the evil of men.
About 64 years after Joseph died, a baby boy was born in the house of Levi. He had an older sister called Miriam, A very well known story. Circumstances arose which saw that baby boy discovered by a daughter of Pharaoh in a basket on the river. How did the princess know Moses was a Hebrew? Genesis 17:9-12. She arranged for him, to be cared for, and eventually adopted him as her own, and called him Moses (“because I drew him up about of the water”). So Moses was brought up, from boyhood, in a situation of privilege. But he was still a Hebrew. One day much later in his life, when Moses was about 40 years old he saw an Egyptian beating one of the Israelites, Moses rose in defence of his compatriot, and killed the Egyptian, burying his body in the sand. Un-noticed he thought. Wrong. Next day he discovered that his deed of mercy was no a secret. The Pharaoh found out about it and sought to bring justice on Moses. So Moses fled the country to the safety of the land of Midian where Southern Jordan is today.
What seems like a bit of a “side trip” to the main story, we are given insight into the new life Moses gained by running away. Helping out the seven daughters of Reuel (also known as Jethro), who were shepherdesses, led to Moses meeting their father and living in that land, working as a shepherd, for the next 40 years. He married one of the daughters of Reuel, Zippora, and had two children, Gershon and Eliezer. But that was not the end. While Moses was living in that far country, the plight of the Israelites in Egypt got progressively worse. “The king who did not know Joseph” died. The bondage in which the Israelites were living was unbearable. They cried out to God. “So God heard their groaning, and God remembered His covenant with Abraham, Isaac and Jacob. And God looked upon the children of Israel, and God acknowledged them.”
God miraculously visited Moses. A bush on fire but not consumed by the flames. A voice from within the flames calling his name. “I am the God of your father - the God of Abraham, the God of Isaac, and the God of Jacob”. Moses shrank in fear. Read the words of the LORD which He spoke to Moses. “Come now therefore, and I will send you to Pharaoh that you may bring My people, the children of Israel, out of Egypt.” Wasn’t this is the same Pharaoh that sought to kill him? No. God assured him that “all the men who sought your life are dead.” Please read the story, it is compelling. But God has a bit more to say as Moses protested his unsuitability for the task. “What shall I say to the people if they ask me who sent me?” .. “I AM WHO I AM” tell them “I AM has sent me to you.” Then the shock, “But I am sure that the king of Egypt will not let you go, no, not even by a mighty hand.” What an assignment. Hold on, I haven’t finished. “So I will stretch out My hand and strike Egypt with all My wonders which I will do in its midst; and after that he will let you go.” Then an impossible promise. “And it shall be when you go, that you shall not go empty handed.” Read Exodus 3:22.
On his way back to Egypt, at God’s direction, Moses’ brother Aaron came to meet him,(Exodus 4: 14-16) and Moses shared with Aaron all that the Lord had told him. Together they confronted the Pharaoh with the request that he let the people go to hold a feast to their God in the wilderness. He refused, and even put more onerous work on the people. It seemed to Moses that he had brought more harm on his people as a result of their approach to Pharaoh. And our reading ends in a note of despair. But God hasn’t even started yet!!
Shabbat Shalom
RS
TORAH REFLECTION
Torah Reflection 12
Vayechi (It came to pass)
It is important to remind readers that these ‘reflections’ are just that. They are highlights the LORD has quickened to me as I seek Holy Spirit guidance and write. There is no suggestion that these writings are a “commentary” on the Scriptures. The LORD will show you other, and possibly different, lessons as you study these passages for yourself. I pray readers will be blessed by these writings, but there is greater blessing in studying the word for oneself.
And so it is that we come to the end of the beginning. The family of Israel, now residing in the territory of Goshen in Egypt, and finding great favour with the Pharaoh and his Prime Minister, Joseph, prosper and multiply. Jacob had been in Goshen for 17 years and was nearing the end of his life. He called Joseph and made him promise that he would not be buried there, but be taken back to Canaan to be buried with his forebears.
Then “it came to pass”, that eventually, Joseph was summoned to his father’s side because he was very close to death. He took with him Manasseh and Ephraim, Joseph’s two sons who were born to him before Jacob arrived in Egypt. Amazingly, but in God’s perfect plan, Jacob ‘anointed’ them as his own. They were to take their place as equal with Reuben and Simeon (and others) as heads of the tribes of Israel, in due time, in place of their father Joseph. (We note that there were 12 brothers, but in time Levi was given no land inheritance and neither was Joseph. Their land allocation was given to Manasseh and Ephraim. Future children of Joseph were not afforded such privilege). But Jacob, who was virtually blind at this time, had one more surprise for Joseph. It seems a small matter, but it was both unusual and prophetic in the circumstance. Manasseh was the firstborn, so Joseph placed him adjacent to Jacob’s right hand, and Ephraim to his left hand. In blessing the boys, Jacob crossed his hands, to place his right hand onto Ephraim.
In spite of Joseph’s attempted correction, Jacob said “I know my son, I know he (Manasseh) also shall become a people, and he also shall be great’; but truly his younger brother (Ephraim) shall be greater than he, and his descendants shall become a multitude of nations.” Now it is true, that about 1,000 years later, the Northern kingdom of Israel (the ten tribes) including Ephraim, were captured by the Assyrians (Shalamanezer V) and have been referred to ever since as “the lost tribes”. Some have argued, from this blessing of Jacob, that the ‘many nations’ actually includes what is known as “British Israelites”, and even America (Pilgrim fathers). But of course, such conclusion requires quite inventive thinking!
In addition to the blessing of Ephraim and Manasseh, the main content of our reading this week relates to the blessings which Jacob spoke to his own sons. He blessed them in the order they were born from the oldest to the youngest. Because we are privileged to have knowledge of future events, we can see how the LORD gave Jacob wisdom and insight into that future in each blessing. It has long been said that much care should be given in the words used to utter blessing over anyone. A word of caution. Do not speak presumptuously the first words that enter your mind. Ask the LORD to speak through you, that HIS words are heard, not yours.
“Gather together and hear you sons of Jacob, and listen to Israel your father” Hear and listen. They are not the same thing.
Reuben. “Unstable as water, you shall not excel” Why? Genesis 35:22. Be sure your sins will find you out.
Simeon and Levi. “Cursed be their anger, it is fierce; and their wrath for it is cruel I will divide them and scatter them in Israel.” Genesis 34:25-31.
Judah. “You are he whom your brothers shall praise; The sceptre shall not depart from Judah, .. and to Him shall be the obedience of the people.” A prophetic description of the One who shall arise from Judah.
Zebulun. “Shall dwell by the sea and become a haven for ships.”
Issachar. “He saw that rest was good and the land was pleasant.”
1 Chronicles 12:32
Dan. “Dan shall judge his people.” Genesis 30:6
Gad. “A troop shall tramp upon him, but he shall triumph at last.”
Genesis 30:11
Asher. “Bread from Asher shall be rich, and he shall yield royal dainties.”
Naphtali. “Is a deer let loose; he uses beautiful words.”
Joseph. Well it is a LONG blessing. “Joseph is a fruitful bough … his branches run over the wall … the arms of his hands were made strong” And much more praising the attributes of the one who is seen by most as a ‘type’ of Messiah. And so he was for his family.
Benjamin. “Benjamin is a ravenous wolf; in the morning he shall devour the prey. And at night he shall divide the spoil.” Judges 21: 20,25
And when Jacob had completed his blessings and comments about his children, he died. His body was enbalmed, and after 70 days of mourning, Joseph and his brothers, together with a company of the house of Pharaoh, took his body to Hebron, where he was laid to rest with his wife Leah.
Joseph lived for many years after that, But before he died at the age of 110 years, he extracted from his brothers the promise to one day take his bones back to the land of his birth. His tomb, recently desecrated by some angry Palestinians, is situated in Shechem, modern day Nablus.
Shabbat Shalom
RS
TORAH REFLECTION
Torah Reflection 11
Vayigash (Came near)
Joseph made a plan which he was sure would bring Jacob, his father, to ‘famine safe’ Egypt. He had successfully arranged for his younger blood brother, Benjamin, to be brought to Egypt. He then thought that if he could now arrange to keep Benjamin there, his father Jacob could be persuaded to come to Egypt to retrieve him. But, the God of Abraham, Isaac and Jacob, who had taken Joseph to Egypt about 40 years earlier, had a better plan. And it came as a big surprise to Joseph. Judah, the brother who had organised the sale of Joseph to the Midianite traders, had seen at first hand the distress that had been caused to their father Jacob, and could not bear the thought of what the loss of Benjamin would do to him, not to mention the fact that it was Judah who had made himself guarantor for Benjamin’s safe return. So Judah made an impassioned plea to Joseph to allow Benjamin to return to his father, and he, Judah, would remain as Jacob’s slave. That impassioned plea melted Joseph’s heart.
What happened next is, I believe, prophetic of an event still future to us. Joseph cleared the room of all his advisers and officials (gentiles). Then in the intimate privacy of “family only”, he revealed himself to his brothers. It was the special Zechariah 12:10 moment for that particular family. Prophetic of the time when “.. they will look on Me whom they pierced. Yes, they will mourn for Him as one mourns for an 0nly son, and grieve for Him as one grieves for a firstborn.” There were tears, LOUD tears (so that those who had been dismissed from the room heard them). The brothers were in shock and dismay. The full revelation of their past deeds and actions would have brought deep regret and sorrow. And IF that was the end of it they would be looking for somewhere to hide I suspect. BUT, it was not the end. In “messianic” type, Joseph embraced his brothers in forgiveness. “God has been in control all the time.” he said “It was God who orchestrated events so that you can now experience the salvation He had planned for you from the beginning.” What a moment that was. And what a moment that will be!
As the narrative continued, the Pharaoh, probably in gratitude for the wisdom and leadership he had seen in Joseph, joined in the ‘moment’. As I ‘reflect’, I see this as a kind of Zechariah 8:23 moment. “In those days ten men from every language of the nations shall grasp the sleeve of a Jewish man, saying, ‘Let us go with you, for we have heard that God is with you.’” “Selah”. In any event, it was the time when Almighty God advanced His plan to make Israel into a nation that would belong to Himself and provide a pattern for the world to see. A pattern which is still evident to believers to this day.
The Pharaoh opened his heart with generosity. He instructed Joseph to load up carts and donkeys with provisions, changes of clothes, and money, for a return journey from Egypt to Canaan. In addition he told Joseph that when his family arrived they would be given “the best of the land” on which they could settle. What a blessing. A note and a lesson here. In eschatological ‘type’ for Christians, Egypt is considered the land “from which we come’ in order to arrive ‘in the promised land’. Bad place to good place. But Genesis 12:3 is a conditional, but irrevocable promise of God. “I will bless those who bless you and I will curse those who curse you.” In our text we have a monumental example of Egypt blessing Jacob (Israel). Right at the very foundation of that nation. We cannot, in our day, see that Genesis 12:3 promise happening can we? But now look at Isaiah 19. Take time to read it all. Our God is a faithful God. Trust Him.
When the sons of Jacob returned to their father and related their experience “Jacob’s heart stood still, because he did not believe them.” Another note. We say we believe in miracles don’t we? But what is our immediate reaction when we hear about them today? Jacob was confronted with a miracle here. I think it was a very human reaction. Then he saw the evidence, the carts, the donkeys, the provisions for the return journey. And his spirit revived. And there is nothing wrong with asking to see the evidence. In another place the bible implores us to “test the spirits”. That is NOT doubting God, its doubting men. (Revelation 2:2)
So began the long trek from Shechem to Egypt. The journey took them by way of Beersheva. It was the place where Jacob once lived with his father Isaac. The place from where he had set out to find his wife Rachel. He offered sacrifices to God there, and yet again, God spoke to him in a dream. “I am God, the God of your father; do not fear to go down to Egypt , for I will make of you a great nation there. I will go down to Egypt with you, and I will surely bring you up again; and Joseph will put his hand on your eyes.”
So knowing that he would not return alive, Jacob with his family of seventy persons (Genesis 46:27) took the journey to re-connect with Joseph, and begin a new life, not knowing the future, trusting God s promises. Some have observed that the number did not include Jacob himself, nor Joseph and his family. Whatever, it was a relatively small number of persons with which to start a nation!! When they arrived, Pharaoh lived up to his promise, and they settled in the land of Goshen, part of the territory of Egypt which was suitable for both crops and livestock.
We have to marvel at the way our God cares for those who belong to Him, even when we sometimes don’t understand the steps on the way.
Shabbat Shalom
RS
TORAH REFLECTION
Torah Reflection 10
Miketz (At the end)
Joseph had been unjustly imprisoned in a dungeon within the home of the captain of the guard. And, because of his diligence and hard work, was put in a position of some authority in that dungeon prison. Circumstances had arisen in which he became an interpreter of the dreams of the Pharaohs’ baker and butler who were also in that place for some reason. But in spite of Joseph’s request to them, upon their release, to bring his case before their Master, the Pharaoh, they had forgotten him.
Our ‘reflection’ this week begins two years later, by which time Joseph was 30 years old. Then the Pharaoh also had a dream, in fact two dreams, which troubled him.“The magicians” were called in, but they were unable to interpret the meaning of those dreams. It was then that the butler remembered about Joseph. To his enormous credit, when confronted by Pharaoh about his ‘gift’ as an interpreter of dreams, Joseph said “It is not in me (to interpret dreams); God will give Pharaoh an answer of peace (the interpretation).” A good lesson to learn here. How many of us would have taken the opportunity to ‘big note’ ourselves in order to curry favour with the king? Joseph is recognised by many, because of what happens later in these recorded events of history, as a ‘type’ of Messiah. His preparation for that role is clearly illustrated in the fact that he sought no glory for himself, just like our Messiah Yeshua much later, who gave ALL the glory to His heavenly Father. Truely a servant of the living God. Selah!
Now the details of the story are well known, but the key to it all is expressed by the Pharaoh when he said “Can we find such one as this, a man in whom IS the Spirit of God.” And so it was that Joseph, the prisoner, became Joseph, the Prime Minister. Such was Pharaoh’s trust in Joseph, that when he was petitioned for food by those suffering from the famine in the land, he said “Go to Joseph; whatever he says to you, do.” But the famine was not confined to Egypt alone, so people from all the lands around them came to Egypt to buy grain. That included ten of Jacob’s sons. Only the youngest, Ben, was not required by Jacob to make the long journey.
From this point onwards, it is possible to recognise the way in which Joseph typifies the characteristics of the coming Messiah, Yeshua. And remember that these events took place some hundreds of years before the Israelites were even considered to be a separated nation, led out of Egypt, through the God appointed leadership of Moses. Now, as is the case in most allegories, the detail cannot be completely lined up. But there is enough for us to see the connection. And the first sign we have is that when the brothers turned up in front of Joseph (from his viewpoint unexpectedly), they did not recognise him at all. But why would they? He was a 17 years old boy when they sold him to the Midianite traders. They are faced now with a VERY powerful man, of about 45 years of age, well dressed, speaking a different language, totally in charge of everything and everybody in his Governor’s palace. An awesome sight for sure. A man who had the power to listen to them or to dismiss them. But he immediately recognised them. He recalled the way they had treated him when he naively shared with them his dream all those years ago.
Joseph had acquired great wisdom in the course of the last 30 or so years. That wisdom, came under the tutelage of the Holy Spirit, and was responsible for his elevation to his present lofty position. So he began to search for information about his family. I try to imagine what it must have been like to have been separated from ones family for such a long time, having had such a variety of experiences, good and bad, which that family had no knowledge of, and suddenly be confronted by the very ones who were responsible for that separation. Think about it! Thus it was that he discovered that both his Dad and his younger brother were still alive. He was desperate to reconnect with them! So he devised a plan, and put them in prison for three days to think about it. Absolute power!!
The story is a very interesting read, and is quite well known, and the detail is worth reading again. But I am focussed in this ‘reflection’ on the ‘messianic’ similarities in this narrative. The brothers had presented themselves to Joseph as buyers of grain. When they arrived back to their home they had both the grain and their money in the grain sacks!! It was a salvation act .. and it was FREE. On their second visit, when they brought Benjamin with them, they tried to return the money. Joseph said “Peace be with you, do not be afraid. Your God and the God of your father has GIVEN you treasure in your sacks.” But that wasn’t the end of it. Joseph was now re-united with his blood brother, Benjamin, but the family was incomplete. It was necessary to bring Jacob, their father, and the rest of the family to Egypt, and to the safety of food supplies. The whole family was in need of salvation.
The scene changes a little now. And the allegory referred to earlier is not consistent with scene before us I know. The father, Jacob, is in distress because he has been separated from his beloved young son Benjamin. Joseph knows this of course and devises a plan to bring his father to the son. But in order to get the whole picture of how Joseph is a “type” of Messiah, we have to wait until next week.
I commend that you read the whole story of this event in order to appreciate, and see for yourself, how God Almighty works in unimaginable ways to save His people.
Shabbat Shalom
RS
TORAH REFLECTION
Torah Reflection 09
Vayeshev (He commanded)
“Jacob dwelt in the land (Canaan) where his father (Isaac) was a stranger”! Sounds a bit odd to us, but what it means is that Jacob took up permanent residence where his father Isaac had lived as a visitor. Putting it another way .. Jacob came HOME!
In Genesis 36, we are given a complete genealogy of Esau. The chapter ends with the statement that “Esau was the father of the Edomites” He had left the “land where his father was a stranger” and took residency in another country. An immediate distinction between the paths these twin brothers took in their lifetime. A distinction which continues to this very day!
Jacob’s family now consisted of his wife Leah, the two ‘handmaids”, Zilpah and Bilhah, and their collective TEN sons and one daughter, as well as Joseph and Benjamin who were born to Rachel (who had died in the childbirth of Benjamin). PLUS an unspecified host of servants. As the story unfolds in this week’s portion of Scripture, please understand that the pace of the events recorded is quite rapid. It’s a bit like watching a movie in ‘fast-forward’ mode!
Rachel was the love of Jacob’s life. Joseph, her firstborn, was only 17 years old. Benjamin, still a child. That was the basis of Jacob’s ‘favouritism’. But although it is not possible to determine precise birth dates, it seems likely that Reuben, the oldest, might only have been 8 or 10 years older than Joseph. And he assumed leadership. Joseph’s prophetic dream is one of the best known stories in the Scriptures. The angst of his older siblings quite well understood. Joseph’s mistake!!?? He shared the dream with his brothers. They were angry. Angry enough to kill him. But Reuben’s leadership stalled them. So they took Joseph's fancy coat and put him in a hole in the ground. Reuben must have been distracted by some other event because he was not present when Judah, the fourth oldest, concocted the plan to sell Joseph to some passing Midianite traders (Ishmaelites). When the distraught Reuben returned they put blood on the coloured coat in pretence that Joseph had been mauled by a wild animal. And that’s what they told Jacob.
God really does “work in mysterious ways” doesn’t He? Just think for a moment how you would view this event if that was all there was to it, and the brothers had ‘got away with it’. How could anyone possibly imagine how Almighty God could fulfil His promises to Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob without knowing how this remarkable event became pivotal in God’s plan for His people (“the apple of My eye”).
A lesson for us to learn right here. IF God is our refuge and strength. IF we believe God is a promise keeping God. If we believe that God is working out His purposes in His own way. THEN in ALL circumstances of our life … YES, in ALL circumstances, We have to trust Him. Even when we think we understand, and when we KNOW we don’t.
So the young Joseph was forcibly taken to Egypt and sold into slavery in the household of the Captain of the King’s guard, Potiphar. As years rolled by, Joseph worked hard at the tasks he was assigned. He gained promotion in that household and eventually was entrusted with complete responsibility of running the place. He also seemed, at least to the wife of the Captain, to be a very handsome man. “Hell hath no fury like a woman scorned” says the old English proverb. Thus it was that poor Joseph ended up in prison!
Another lesson. Ecclesiates 9:10 says “Whatever your hand finds to do, do it with your might.” It is advice I have given, both to my children and their children. Joseph certainly did and (apart from the ugly devious behaviour of Potiphar’s wife, which curiously seems to have had a significant role in the plan of God), gained great blessing as a result.
But there are some very important observations to be made about the way Joseph conducted himself. Not only did his industry, faithfulness, honesty and conduct bring significant reward to himself, but the whole household, from the Master of the house to the other servants also prospered. Joseph’s wisdom in his handling of the affairs of the house, showed in such a way that the Master of the house observed the “the LORD” was with him. Joseph’s testimony was obviously not in words alone, but in his actions. It showed.
Even so, the false accusations made against him, caused an enraged Potiphar, without enquiry apparently, to have him sent to prison. What an injustice! How could God allow such a thing to happen? Commonly used words eh? Look back a few paragraphs. God’s ways are not our ways.
Well, the portion concludes this week with Joseph still in prison … but practically running the place. “And the keeper of the prison committed to Joseph’s hand all the prisoners who were in the prison; whatever they did there, it was his (Joseph’s) doing.” Why? “Because the LORD was with him; and whatever he did, the LORD made it prosper.” What an amazing testimony of faith in God.
Shabbat Shalom
RS